Ikhowudi yococeko lomgangatho wamanzi edama lokuqubha
(1) Imigaqo yolawulo lwempilo yoluntu
Ngo-Aprili 1, 1987, iBhunga likaRhulumente labhengeza iMimiselo yoLawulo lwezeMpilo kwiiNdawo zikawonke-wonke, ilawula ukulawulwa kwempilo kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke kunye nokunikezelwa kweelayisensi zokongamela impilo.Iindawo zikawonke-wonke zibhekiselele kwiindidi ezisi-7 zeendawo ezingama-28 ezifana namachibi okuqubha (iindawo zomthambo), ezifuna umgangatho wamanzi, umoya, ukufuma komoya omncinci, ubushushu, isantya somoya, ukukhanya nokukhanya kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke kufuneka kuhlangabezene nemigangatho yezempilo yesizwe kunye neemfuno.Urhulumente usebenzisa inkqubo “yelayisensi yezempilo” kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, apho umgangatho wezempilo ungahambelani nemigangatho yezempilo yesizwe kunye neemfuno kwaye uqhubeleka nokusebenza, isebe lolawulo lwempilo yoluntu linokubeka izohlwayo zolawulo kunye nopapasho.
(2) Imigaqo yokuPhunyezwa kweMithetho kuLawulo lwezeMpilo kaRhulumente
Umyalelo we-80 wobuPhathiswa bezeMpilo obusakuba ngoMatshi 10, 2011 ukhuphe iMithetho yokuPhunyezwa kweMithetho yoLawulo lwezeMpilo kwiiNdawo zikawonke-wonke (emva koku kubhekiselwa kuyo njenge “Mithetho” eneenkcukacha), kwaye “iMithetho” ngoku ilungiswa okokuqala ngqa. ngo-2016 kwaye okwesibini ngoDisemba 26, 2017.
"Imithetho eneenkcukacha" ichaza ukuba amanzi okusela anikezelwa ngabasebenzi beendawo zikawonke-wonke kubathengi aya kuhlangabezana neemfuno zemigangatho yesizwe yococeko lwamanzi okusela, kunye nomgangatho wamanzi wamadama okuqubha (kunye namagumbi abandayo oluntu) aya kuhlangabezana nococeko lwesizwe. imigangatho kunye neemfuno
Abanini beendawo zikawonke-wonke baya kuthi, ngokuhambelana neemfuno zemigangatho yococeko kunye nezithethe, benze uvavanyo lococeko emoyeni, emoyeni, kumoya omncinci, umgangatho wamanzi, izibane, ukukhanya, ingxolo, izinto ezithengwa ngabathengi kunye nezixhobo zombane kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, kwaye iimvavanyo aziyi kwenziwa. ngaphantsi kanye ngonyaka;Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo azifikeleli kwiimfuno zemigangatho yezempilo kunye nezithethe, ziya kulungiswa kwangethuba
Abanini beendawo zikawonke-wonke baya kupapasha ngenyaniso iziphumo zovavanyo kwindawo ebalaseleyo.Ukuba umsebenzi wendawo kawonke-wonke akanaso isakhono sokuvavanya, inokugunyazisa uvavanyo.
Apho umqhubi wendawo kawonke-wonke enayo nayiphi na kwezi meko zilandelayo, isebe lolawulo lwempilo yoluntu phantsi korhulumente wabantu basekuhlaleni okanye ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lesiphaluka liya kuyiyalela ukuba lenze izilungiso ngexesha elibekiweyo, linike isilumkiso, kwaye linokubeka isohlwayo esingekho ngaphezulu kwama-2,000 eyuan.Ukuba umqhubi uyasilela ukwenza izilungiso ngaphakathi kwexesha elimiselweyo kwaye abangele umgangatho wococeko kwindawo kawonke-wonke ungaphumeleli ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko kunye neemfuno, isohlwayo esingekho ngaphantsi kwe-2,000 yuan kodwa singabi ngaphezu kwe-yuan ye-20,000;Ukuba iimeko zinzima, kunokuyalelwa ukuba kumiswe ishishini ukuze lilungiswe ngokomthetho, okanye lirhoxise ilayisenisi yalo yococeko:
(1) Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza uvavanyo lococeko lomoya, i-microclimate, umgangatho wamanzi, ukukhanya, ukukhanya, ingxolo, ukubonelela abathengi kunye nezixhobo zombane kwiindawo zoluntu ngokuhambelana nemimiselo;
Ukungaphumeleli ukucoca, ukubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokucoca izixhobo zabathengi kunye nezixhobo ngokuhambelana nemimiselo, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto ezilahlayo kunye nezixhobo zombane.
(3) Umgangatho wococeko lwaManzi okuSela (GB5749-2016)
Amanzi okusela abhekiselele kumanzi okusela kunye namanzi asekhaya kubomi bomntu, amanzi okusela awayi kuba ne-pathogenic microorganisms, izinto zekhemikhali aziyi kulimaza impilo yabantu, izinto ze-radioactive aziyi kulimaza impilo yabantu, kwaye zineempawu ezintle zoluvo.Amanzi okusela aya kubulawa iintsholongwane ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusela kubasebenzisi.Umgangatho uchaza ukuba i-solvent echithwe ngokupheleleyo yi-1000mgL, ubunzima obupheleleyo ngu-450mg / L, kwaye inani elipheleleyo lamakholoni kwi-intestinal intestine enkulu ayiyi kufunyanwa yi-100CFU / mL.
(4) Imigangatho yolawulo lwezempilo kwiiNdawo zoLuntu (GB 17587-2019)
(Umgangatho woLawulo lwezeMpilo kwiiNdawo zoLuntu (i-GB 37487-2019) idibanisa kwaye iphucula iimfuno zezempilo eziqhelekileyo zomgangatho we-1996 wokuhlelwa kococeko lweendawo zoluntu (GB 9663 ~ 9673-1996GB 16153-1996), kwaye yongeza imixholo yolawulo lwezempilo. kunye nempilo yabasebenzi Cacisa iimfuno zolawulo lomgangatho wamanzi wamanzi edama lokuqubha kunye namanzi okuhlambela, efuna ukuba izibonelelo zogutyulo kunye nezixhobo zeendawo zokuqubha kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo, kwaye amanzi okuhlamba eendawo zokuhlambela kufuneka ahlanjululwe ngokwemeko, ukuze njengoko kuchaziwe. ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wamanzi wamanzi okusela, amanzi edama lokuqubha kunye namanzi okuhlamba ayahlangabezana nemigangatho yezempilo.
1 Umgangatho wamanzi akrwada asetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuqubha ezenziweyo kunye neendawo zokuhlambela kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno ze-GB 5749.
2 Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezifana nokucocwa kokujikeleza kwamanzi, ukubulawa kweentsholongwane kunye nokuzaliswa kwamanzi kwindawo yokuqubha eyenziweyo kufuneka isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo, kwaye umthamo owaneleyo wamanzi ahlambulukileyo kufuneka wongezwe yonke imihla, kwaye ukuhlolwa kwangethuba kufuneka kwenziwe xa kwenzeka.Umgangatho wamanzi we-swimming pool kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno ze-GB 37488, kwaye amanzi ahlambulukileyo kufuneka anikezelwe ngokuqhubekayo ngexesha lokusebenza kwe-pool yabantwana.
3 Idama lokunyanzeliswa lediphu yediphu yonyawo elisekwe kwindawo yokuqubha kufuneka itshintshwe kube kanye qho kwiiyure ezi-4 kusetyenziswa amanzi echibini ngokwesiqhelo, kwaye intsalela yesiqulatho seklorine esimahla kufuneka igcinwe ku-5 mg/L10 mg/L.
4 Ukusebenza kwamanzi eshawari, imibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi ebhafu, izixhobo zokusebenza, izixhobo kunye nezinye iinkqubo kufuneka zithintele iindawo zamanzi afileyo kunye neendawo ezimileyo zamanzi, kunye nomlomo weshawari kunye nombhobho wamanzi ashushu kufuneka zigcinwe zicocekile.
5 Amanzi okuhlambela kufuneka ahlaziywe ngonyango lokucoca, isixhobo sokucoca kufuneka sisebenze ngokwesiqhelo, kwaye umyinge owaneleyo wamanzi amatsha kufuneka wongezwe yonke imihla ngexesha lomsebenzi.Umgangatho wamanzi echibini uhlangabezana neemfuno ze-GB 37488.
(5) Izalathi zempilo kunye neemfuno zomda kwiindawo zoluntu (GB 17588-2019)
Idama lokuqubha kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke kukubonelela uluntu ukuba lufunde, ukuzonwabisa, ibala lezemidlalo, lugxile kakhulu kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, abantu banxibelelana ne-alarm rhoqo, ukuhamba kwamehlo, ukubangela izifo (ingakumbi izifo ezosulelayo) ukusasazeka.Ngoko ke, uRhulumente ubeka izikhombisi zempilo ezinyanzelekileyo kunye neemfuno.
1 Idama lokuqubha elenziweyo
Isalathisi somgangatho wamanzi siyakuhlangabezana neemfuno zolu luhlu lulandelayo, kwaye amanzi akrwada kunye namanzi awongezelelweyo aya kuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-GB5749.
2 Idama lokuqubha lendalo
Isalathisi somgangatho wamanzi siya kuhlangabezana neemfuno kule theyibhile ilandelayo
3 Amanzi okuhlamba
I-Legionella pneumophila akufanele ibonwe kumanzi okuhlamba, ukuchithwa kwamanzi echibini akufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-5 NTU, amanzi e-pool amanzi akrwada kunye namanzi ongezelelweyo kufuneka ahlangabezane neemfuno ze-GB 5749. Ukushisa kwamanzi okuhlamba kufuneka kube phakathi kwe-38C kunye ne-40 ° C.
(5) Ikhowudi yococeko yoyilo lweendawo zikawonke-wonke-Icandelo 3: Iindawo zokuqubha ezenziweyo
(GB 37489.32019, ngokuyinxenye ithatha indawo ye-GB 9667-1996)
Lo mgangatho ulawula iimfuno zoyilo lweendawo zamadama okuqubha ezenziweyo, ezishwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
IiMfuno eziSiseko ezi-1
Uya kuthobela iimfuno ze-GB 19079.1 kunye ne-CJJ 122, iya kuhambelana neemfuno ze-GB 37489.1.
2 Uyilo lulonke kunye nokwahlulahlula komsebenzi
Ukuhamba kwesiphelo sokwenziwa kokwenziwa kufuneka kusekwe yiphuli yokuqubha, iofisi yegumbi lokuhlamba impahla enzima isasazeke ichibi, indlu yangasese kawonke-wonke, igumbi lokuphatha amanzi kunye nokuxhatshazwa koovimba abakhethekileyo, ngokwegumbi lokutshintsha, igumbi lokuhlambela, indlela yokuphelisa umonakalo ungaze ulibale igumbi elifanelekileyo uyilo lwedama lokuqubha.Igumbi lokucoca amanzi kunye nendawo yokugcina izibulala-ntsholongwane aziyi kudityaniswa nedama lokuqubha, amagumbi okutshintshela kunye namagumbi okuhlambela.Iindawo zokuqubha ezenziweyo akufuneki zibekwe kumgangatho ongaphantsi.
Iimonomer ezi-3
(1) Idama lokuqubha, idama lokuqubha ngomntu ngamnye kufuneka lingabi ngaphantsi kwe-25 m2.Iqula labantwana akufuneki lidityaniswe nedama labantu abadala, idama labantwana kunye nedama labantu abadala kufuneka limiselwe inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye idama lokuqubha elinemimandla eyahlukeneyo yamanzi anzulu kunye namanzi angekho nzulu kufuneka limiselwe iimpawu ezicacileyo ezilumkisayo. ubunzulu bamanzi kunye namanzi anzulu kunye namanzi angekho nzulu, okanye idama lokuqubha kufuneka limiselwe iindawo ezicacileyo ezicacileyo ezinzulu kunye nezingekho nzulu zokuzahlula zamanzi.
(2) Indawo yokunxiba: indawo yokunxiba kufuneka ibe banzi kwaye igcine ukujikeleza komoya.Ilokhi kufuneka yenziwe ngezinto ezigudileyo, ezichasene negesi kunye nezixhobo ezingenamanzi.
(3) Igumbi leshawari: amagumbi eshawari angamadoda namabhinqa afanele amiswe, yaye abantu abangama-30 kwabangama-20 bafanele bamiswe ngentloko yeshawari.
4 Idama lokuntywiliselwa lokubulala iintsholongwane elingekho ngaphantsi kwe-20 m kufuneka lixhotyiswe ngobonelelo lwamanzi kunye neemeko zokuhambisa amanzi.
(5) Ukucoca kunye negumbi lokubulala iintsholongwane: ukubonelela ngeetawuli, ibhafu, ukurhuqa kunye nezinye izixhobo zikawonke-wonke kunye nokuzicoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane, kufuneka kumiswe igumbi elikhethekileyo lokucoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane, igumbi lokucoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka libe neetawuli, iofisi yokuhlambela, iqela lokutsala kunye nezinye. ukucoca okukhethekileyo kunye ne-disinfection pool
(6) Isitora sokubulala iintsholongwane: kufuneka simiswe ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye kufuneka sibe kufutshane nepaseji yesibini kwisakhiwo kunye negumbi lokuthafa legumbi lokucoca amanzi, iindonga, imigangatho, iingcango kunye neeWindows kufuneka zenziwe ngenkunkuma ekwaziyo ukumelana nenkunkuma. izinto ezicocekileyo.Unikezelo lwamanzi kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa amanzi ziya kubonelelwa kunye nezixhobo zokugungxula amehlo ziya kubonelelwa.
4 Amaziko okucoca amanzi echibini
(1) Isilinganisi-manzi esikhethekileyo samanzi somlinganiselo wokuzalisa idama lokuqubha kufuneka sifakelwe
(2) Kufanelekile ukufakela imitha yamanzi yokubeka iliso kwisixhobo sokurekhoda kwi-intanethi
(3) Umjikelo wamanzi echibini awufanelanga udlule iiyure ezi-4.
(4) Isixhobo sokuhlola umgangatho wamanzi kwi-intanethi ye-oksijini eshiyekileyo, i-turbidity, i-pH, amandla e-REDOX kunye nezinye izalathisi kufuneka zimiselwe, kwaye indawo yokubeka iliso kumbhobho wamanzi ojikelezayo kufuneka imiselwe emva kwempompo yamanzi ejikelezayo phambi kwenkqubo yesixhobo sokuhamba.
Indawo yokubeka iliso kumbhobho wamanzi ojikelezayo kufuneka ibe: ngaphambi kokuba i-flocculant yongezwe.
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(6) Isiziba sokubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka sibekwe phakathi kwendawo yokuphuma amanzi yedama lokuqubha lokucoca amanzi kunye nesixhobo sokuhluza kunye nendawo yokuphuma amanzi yedama lokuqubha.
(7) Izixhobo zokucoca ezijikelezayo aziyi kudityaniswa namanzi eshawa kunye nemibhobho yamanzi okusela.
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(9) Igumbi lokucoca amanzi kwidama lokuqubha kufuneka lixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokubona kunye ne-alam esihambelana nokucocwa, ukubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokufudumeza amanzi edama.Kwaye usete isazisi esicacileyo
(10) Isixhobo sokucoca iinwele kufuneka sinikezelwe.
Umxholo ochazwe kweli nqaku usekelwe kuphela ekuqondeni imigangatho yomthetho kunye nemimiselo kwaye iqulunqelwe ireferensi yabafundi kuphela.Nceda ubhekisele kumaxwebhu asemthethweni ee-arhente zolawulo ezifanelekileyo zombuso.
